art histroy russian constructivists were highly influenced by a. political unrests in germany as a result of wwi b. social ferment in the african-american community in harlem, ny c. the rise of the industrial complex in russia that communists saw as a way toward a modern state d. the philosopher andre breton and the organizing principles of surrealist art.

The subterranean networks or rock-cut galleries and chambers designed for the burial of the dead are commonly known as catacombs.

Catacombs are underground cemeteries that have been used for thousands of years in various cultures and civilizations around the world.

The term catacomb comes from the Latin word "catacumbas," which refers to the underground burial places near Rome where early Christians were buried. The earliest known catacombs date back to the 2nd century CE and were created by Jewish and Christian communities in the Roman Empire.

Catacombs were also used by ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. They were often carved into rock and lined with niches or shelves for the placement of coffins or sarcophagi. Some catacombs also contained frescoes, sculptures, and other forms of art.

Catacombs were primarily used as a burial place for the dead, but they also served other functions. In some cultures, catacombs were used as a place of worship or as a hiding place during times of persecution. In modern times, catacombs are often tourist attractions and historical sites that offer a glimpse into the burial practices and customs of ancient civilizations.

Overall, catacombs are a fascinating and important part of human history and offer insight into the ways in which different cultures have approached death and burial.

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Answer:

White

Explanation:

White is the most common color used as a reflector for portrait photography. Silver reflectors might also be used to maximize the amount of light reflected to the subject.

Answer:

It is the sound quality of timbre.

Walter Benjamin talks about an "architecture of pleasure" in his essay which is read as a series of fragments "The Paris of the Second Empire in Baudelaire".

The thinker and social pundit Walter Benjamin discusses an "design of joy" in his exposition "The Paris of the Second Realm in Baudelaire". He contends that the cutting edge city, with its divided spaces and tangible encounters, can be perceived as a site of joy for the flâneur, the meandering metropolitan spectator.

Benjamin recommends that this design of joy has a language and reality that must be perused as a progression of sections, as opposed to as a sound entirety. Through his investigation of the flâneur's insight of the city, Benjamin offers a special point of view on the connection between metropolitan space, human subjectivity, and feel.

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Explanation:

Amongst the best-known examples of traditional African art are the striking masks produced by many cultures across the continent: from the Zamble masks of the Guro culture.

The idea of the architect is more significant than the experience of the user. The design is brought together by it. True.

From the first stages of schematic design through construction, it provides guidance for the entire project team and demonstrates the overall design objective. Making decisions in the future is also made simpler by having a clear and cohesive design approach. The most significant element of a building's design is its functionality.

The aesthetics or form of the building is the other factor. The philosophy subfield of aesthetics is concerned with the origins and forms of beauty. One fundamental aspect of architecture that both students and professionals must revere is aesthetics. Concepts in architecture give the design a direction or approach. The fundamental elements of the design are architectural concepts.

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Javanese Gamelan is often used for courtly and refined performances, while Balinese Gamelan is associated with religious rituals and dynamic, energetic performances, resulting in distinct musical styles reflecting their differing functions.

Traditional uses of Javanese gamelan include courtly performances, supporting royal occasions, and classical dance plays. Complex melodies, delicate ornamentation, and subdued dynamics define its musical aesthetic. On the other side, Balinese Gamelan is frequently connected to religious activities, such as temple ceremonies and trance dances.

Its music is more percussive, dynamic, and frenetic, with intricately intertwined rhythms and a stronger focus on improvisation. Because Javanese and Balinese gamelan serve different objectives, they have different musical genres that reflect those contexts and uses.

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A rich and intricate musical genre with roots in ancient Indian culture is Hindustani classical music. Hindustani classical music is performed using a number of key phrases and concepts that are necessary to comprehend and enjoy this music.

The definitions of a few of the keywords are provided below:

Raga: In Indian classical music, a raga is a melodic structure that serves as the foundation for improvisation. The swarms, which are the distinctive notes that make up each raga, are organized in a certain order and pattern.

Alap: The alap is the first segment of Hindustani classical music performance, during which the artist freely and improvisatory explores the raga.

Gat: The main segment of Hindustani classical music performance, the gat is where the artist performs either a predetermined composition or improvises on an already established theme.

The tala is the rhythmic framework that gives Hindustani classical music performances structure. Matras, the constant number of beats that make up each tala, are arranged into rhythmic cycles of various duration and complexity.

Rasa: The emotional personality or mood that is expressed during a Hindustani classical music performance is known as the rasa.

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The statement that Scott Kelby suggests shooting handheld until you find the angle that works for your subject, then bring in the tripod and use it is false.

Scott Kelby, a renowned photographer and author, is a strong advocate for the use of tripods in photography. He believes that tripods can significantly improve the quality of photographs by providing stability, enabling long exposures, and allowing for precise adjustments to the camera's position.

According to Kelby, using a tripod not only helps to stabilize the camera but also allows photographers to fine-tune the composition of their shots. With the camera firmly mounted on a tripod, photographers can easily make minor adjustments to the camera angle and framing to get the perfect shot.

This is especially important when shooting in low light conditions or when trying to capture a detailed or complex scene. In conclusion, while Scott Kelby suggests experimenting with handheld shots, he strongly recommends the use of tripods in photography to achieve the best possible results.

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Italian Neo-Realism was a film movement that emerged in Italy after World War II and was characterized by its focus on the lives of ordinary people and their struggles.

One of the central characteristics of Italian Neo-Realism was its focus on the lives of ordinary people. The movement rejected the traditional Hollywood approach of glamourizing and romanticizing life, instead choosing to depict the struggles and hardships of working-class people.

The Bicycle Thief tells the story of a poor, unemployed man named Antonio, who is desperate to find work to support his family. The film portrays the harsh reality of post-war Italy and the difficulties faced by ordinary people trying to survive in a time of economic hardship.

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In "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight," the pentangle is actually a symbol of Gawain's virtues and chivalric ideals, rather than danger.

According to the poem, the pentangle represents five virtues that Gawain possesses: friendship, generosity, chastity, courtesy, and piety.

These virtues are associated with the five points of the star, which are interconnected and continuous, representing the idea that Gawain's virtues are interdependent and inseparable.

However, the pentangle is described as a symbol of protection for Gawain, who carries it with him as a reminder of his commitment to his chivalric ideals.

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The motion picture camera and projector were created in the late 19th century by the Lumiere brothers, Auguste and Louis. The "Cinematography," their creation, was used to record and display moving images on a screen.

The Lumiere brothers made short, straightforward, documentary-style movies that frequently showed scenes from daily life. The art of modern film, on the other hand, has advanced greatly since the advent of cinematography and is a highly developed medium.

In comparison to the early Lumiere brothers movies, modern movies are often more longer, more intricate, and more narrative-focused. They frequently incorporate a variety of components, including visual effects, music, and sound design, to provide the spectator a more engrossing and immersive experience.

Some aspects of film today that make it an art form include

Therefore, Lumiere brothers' invention of the motion picture camera and projector was a significant milestone in the history of cinema.

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The statement "The color of a final print's mat board does not have much bearing on the overall look of the final print's presentation" is B. False.

The color of the mat board plays a significant role in the overall look of the final print's presentation. A well-chosen mat color can enhance the visual appeal of the artwork, draw attention to specific elements within the piece, and create a harmonious color balance with the image and the frame.

On the other hand, a poorly chosen mat color can detract from the artwork, causing the viewer's focus to shift away from the image and towards the mat itself.

Therefore, it is essential to carefully consider the color and style of the mat board when framing a final print to achieve the desired visual impact and ensure the artwork is presented in its best possible light.

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East Asian attitudes toward professional musicians and actors has been such that they have been viewed with a degree of skepticism or even disdain.

People in East Asia have always appreciated it when amateur musicians create music and art, but they do not necessarily like it when it is done professionally.

One reason for this may be that they believe it is preferable to produce things like music and art for themselves rather than for money. The historical heritage of feudalism and class-based social systems also plays a role in East Asian attitudes toward professional musicians and actors.

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The ground bass in Dido's Lament remains unchanged in its eleven statements. This aria's ground bass line, which has a gradual chromatic decline, is meant to represent Dido's passing.

It has long been a common metaphor for death to be represented by lines that move by declining semitones. The aria and the recitative that comes before it are both included in the segment that you will hear on the recording.

This aria is an illustration of the way an aria doesn't really move the plot but instead concentrates on the emotion being expressed. It has an ostinato with in continuo portion described as a "ground bass." The aria follows the brief recitative "Your hand Belinda," which is the first part of your listening sample.

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The 2012 completion of the Heydar Aliyev Center in Baku, Azerbaijan, was the work of Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid. A cultural center and museum showcasing the history, culture, and artwork of Azerbaijan.

This is housed in the building with the same name as the former president of that nation, Heydar Aliyev. The Heydar Aliyev Center has earned several honors for its eye-catching design and architectural importance and is regarded as one of the most recognizable and cutting-edge structures in the whole globe.

Heydar Aliyev, the first secretary of Soviet Azerbaijan from 1969 to 1982 and the president of the Azerbaijan Republic from October 1993 to October 2003, is honored by having the facility bear his name. On May 10, 2012, the Heydar Aliyev Center hosted an official soft opening ceremony presided over by Azerbaijan's current president, Ilham Aliyev.

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Printmaking reached a high level of technical virtuosity in Germany in the sixteenth century, particularly in the work of Albrecht Durer, option D is correct.

Albrecht Durer was a German artist who lived from 1471 to 1528 and is widely regarded as one of the greatest printmakers in the history of art. Dürer's prints were highly influential and helped to establish printmaking as a major art form in Germany and beyond.

He was known for his technical virtuosity and his ability to create highly detailed and precise prints using a variety of printing techniques, including engraving, etching, and woodcuts. His work had a profound impact on the development of printmaking in Europe, and he is often regarded as one of the key figures in the Northern Renaissance, option D is correct.

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The correct question is:

Printmaking reached a high level of technical virtuosity in Germany in the sixteenth century, particularly in the work of

A. Stefan Lochner

B. Hans Holbein

C. Matthias Grunewald

D. Albrecht Durer

Handel's Messiah differ from his previous oratorios in several ways, but the correct answer is it is based mainly on the New Testament rather than using a story from the Old Testament.

Handel's Messiah is a masterful oratorio that stands apart from his previous works in several ways. One of the most significant differences is the subject matter of the piece.

Unlike his earlier oratorios, which often drew on Old Testament stories, Messiah is primarily based on the New Testament. Handel composed the work in three parts, which tell the story of Jesus Christ's life, death, and resurrection through a series of arias, choruses, and recitatives.

Another difference is the size of the orchestra. Handel used a much larger ensemble for Messiah than he had in his previous works. The score calls for a vast array of instruments, including strings, woodwinds, brass, timpani, and organ.

This large orchestra allowed Handel to create a more expansive and dramatic sound, particularly in the work's many thrilling choral passages. Handel also departed from his earlier practice of staging oratorios with costumes and scenery.

While his earlier works had often been performed as theatrical productions, Messiah was intended to be performed in concert format, with the emphasis on the music rather than the drama.

Despite these differences, Messiah shares many of the qualities that make Handel's earlier oratorios so compelling. The work features his trademark mastery of melody and harmony, as well as his skill in creating memorable and emotionally resonant choral passages.

It is also characterized by Handel's ability to convey complex emotions through music, whether in the stirring "Hallelujah" chorus or the poignant aria "He Was Despised."

Overall, Handel's Messiah represents a culmination of his skill as a composer of oratorios, bringing together his virtuosic compositional technique with a deep spiritual resonance that has made it one of the most beloved works in the classical repertoire.

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Because artist's knowledge brings to light a facet of existence that previously escaped us. Once we are conscious of what the artist saw and made clear to us. An artistic creation imitates reality.

The artist creates a replica of a material table that is already a copy of the immaterial form by painting it. The piece of art is a deceit because it is a copy of a copy that is two times removed from reality. Both artistic creations and artists are con artists.

Almost every artist's development includes some degree of copying. It can be a great way to learn, be inspired, gain ideas, pay tribute to an influence you adore, and create something new by copying the work of another artist. In art, one can also express oneself.

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The contrasts of emotion, tempo, and dynamics in many Baroque pieces are aesthetically similar to the painting technique of chiaroscuro.

Chiaroscuro is an Italian term that translates to "light and dark" and refers to the use of contrasting light and shadow to create depth and drama in a painting.

Similarly, Baroque music often features sudden changes in volume, speed, and emotional intensity, creating a sense of contrast and drama within the composition.

Just as the dark shadows in a chiaroscuro painting enhance the brightness of the light areas, the contrasting elements in Baroque music work together to create a sense of tension and release. Both techniques aim to create a sense of drama and intensity that draws the listener/viewer in and holds their attention.

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The instruments used in the 4th movement of Bach's Suite No. 3 to create a triumphant processional effect are timpani and trumpets for contrast.

The Four Orchestral Suites BWV 1066-1069 are the four suites by Johann Sebastian Bach from the years 1724-1731. Suite No. 3 in D major is called BWV 1068. Bach wrote the first parts for violin and continuo, C. P.E. Bach wrote the parts for trumpet, oboe and timpani, and JS Bach's pupil Johann Ludwig Krebs wrote the second parts for violin and viola.

Suite for Orchestra No.3 in D major. Of Bach's four orchestral suites, the third is the most famous, largely for the fame of the second movement, the famous 'Aria for G String'. Instrumentation: trumpet I/II/III, timpani, oboe I/II, violin I/II, viola, basso continuo.

Therefore, timpani and trumpets are the instruments used.

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Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye suggests his idea that buildings should be machines for living.

Explanation:

This concept was one of the key principles of the modernist movement in architecture, which emerged in the early 20th century. According to Le Corbusier, buildings should be designed with functionality and efficiency in mind, much like machines. He believed that this approach would lead to more rational and better-designed living spaces, which would ultimately improve people's lives. The Villa Savoye, with its clean lines, open plan, and focus on functionality, is a prime example of this philosophy in action. While the other options—wraparound houses, everyday palaces, and sacred spaces—all have their own architectural styles and design principles, they do not align with Le Corbusier's idea of buildings as machines for living.

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Answer: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a complex poem with plot lines that can surprise the reader, from a beheading of a literally green knight to attempted bedroom seductions, to grand feasts in King Arthur’s court. Upon first glance, the poem may seem to simply be about a knight named Sir Gawain who goes on a quest to complete a promise he made to the Green Knight. A grand feast, great hunts, intimate bedroom encounters and battles of strength and honor fill the pages. However, when the reader delves deeper, it is apparent that the poem contains many misogynistic elements. This is because of the time period that it was written in, the middle to late 14th century. This time period was marked by the Black Death, the 100 Years War, and the Western Schism, when the Roman Catholic Church had two rival popes. This was a time of significant social stress in which women were clearly not viewed as the social equals of men. During this period, it was very common for men to harbor anti-feminist attitudes toward women. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the author’s treatment of three female characters, Guinevere, the wife of King Arthur; Lady Bertilak, the Lady of the Manor and hostess for her male guest, Gawain; and Morgan Le Fay, the old, haggard protégé of Merlin the wizard, reveal the misogyny of the late middle ages. Through the actions and attitudes of the male characters, the author characterizes women as objects, deceivers and scapegoats.

Explanation: hope this is helpful have a good day have good luck

love,  Shania

A symbol that looks like a small flattened rectangle sitting on top of a staff line is called a half rest.

In 4/4 time, rest for 2 beats.

In music notation, a half rest is represented by a symbol that looks like a small flattened rectangle sitting on top of a staff line.

It is used to indicate a period of silence or rest in a musical composition.

In a 4/4 time signature, there are four beats per measure and the quarter note gets one beat.

Therefore, a half rest in 4/4 time would last for two beats, or half of the measure.

So when a half rest is indicated in the sheet music, the musician would simply stop playing for the duration of the rest and wait until the next note or rest is indicated to resume playing.

It is important for musicians to pay close attention to rests in music notation as they can greatly affect the rhythm and timing of a piece, and contribute to the overall feel and expression of the music.

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Answer:

Any knight brave enough to strike off the Green Knight's head may keep the Green Knight's ax, but that man must accept a return stroke in one year. Gawain accepts the challenge and cuts off the Green Knight's head.

Explanation:

A symbol that looks like a small flattened rectangle hanging beneath a staff line is called a whole rest.  In 4/4 time, rest for 4 beats.

In Western musical notation, a whole rest is represented by a symbol that looks like a small flattened rectangle hanging beneath a staff line.

The purpose of a rest symbol is to indicate a period of silence in the music, during which no notes or sounds should be played or sung.

In 4/4 time, the top number "4" indicates that there are four beats in each measure.

The bottom number "4" indicates that the quarter note (which gets one beat) is the basic unit of time in the music.

Therefore, a whole rest in 4/4 time indicates that the musician should rest for the entire measure, which is equivalent to 4 beats.

This means that no notes or sounds should be played or sung during that time, and the musician should remain silent until the next measure begins.

So, in short, a whole rest in 4/4 time represents a period of silence for the entire measure, which lasts for 4 beats.

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Musical instruments in courting enables us to express the feelings of the melodies it is used in courting practice to show the emotion of happy or joy or even the tragedy.

The music is a melody to express the tone of the song it helps the listener to enrich the voice of the singer a beautiful way. The way of presenting a song is essential to measure the songs effectiveness so it is important to have the courting practice of the musical instruments. The music practice is the art to represent the feelings of one individual.

The courting in music enables in directing the feelings in the music for the enrichment in the music. It also provides the sense of humor to the listener and also the music will be effective as the emotions in the music is provided by the courting that helps to provide the clarity in the information that is expressed by the singer.

The courting used in the musical instrument represents the tradition of the music. It shows the ritual that has been practiced by the community. There is courting in very musical instrument that shows the tradition of the society. For example the Cassation and the Divertimento are the best examples that provide the courting rituals.

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Mueller-Hinton agar must be put into 100 mm or 150 mm Petri plates with a maximum depth of 4 mm for Kirby-Bauer testing. The agar's pH level needs to be between 7.2 and 7.4.

In order to help doctors choose the best course of therapy for their patients, the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test evaluates the sensitivity or resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to different antibiotic drugs.

The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method is one of the antimicrobial susceptibility tests that is most often used (AST). The media outlets used have an impact among other things. Standard media like Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) are advised in protocols. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique or traditional antibiogram are both often used for assessing antibiotic susceptibility on Mueller-Hinton agar.

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The phenomenon of receiving visions from the divine by "normal people" in the medieval ages is known as "popular religion" or "lay spirituality."

This concept originated from the belief that the experience of the divine was not limited to only the religious elite but was accessible to anyone who lived a pious life. In this period, the Church began to encourage and promote lay spirituality through the writings of mystics such as Julian of Norwich, Margery Kempe, and Catherine of Siena.

These mystics claimed to have experienced divine visions and messages, which they recorded in their writings, often in the form of dialogues with God or Christ. The significance of lay mysticism in the history of religion lies in its role in democratizing the spiritual experience and empowering individuals to connect with the divine on a personal level, independent of the Church hierarchy.

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Yes, that is correct. Etruscan  temples were indeed influenced by Greek temples, but they had their own unique features. One of the most notable differences was that the Etruscans placed their temple sculpture, such as pediments and friezes, around the roof in columns rather than on the temple itself. This gave the temple a more decorative and ornate appearance, and allowed for a greater focus on the intricate and detailed sculptures that the Etruscans were known for.
Etruscan temples were influenced by Greek temples, except Etruscans placed their temple sculpture in the pediments, rather than as columns around the frieze or on the roof. This difference in sculpture placement is a distinguishing feature between Etruscan and Greek temple architecture.

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